Preposition: English Grammar Rule
Prepositions are asked in various forms in the English grammar section of several tests with varying weightings. For applicants studying for government exams, preposition is an inescapable topic. Correct usage of prepositions improves your writing abilities as well. We have gathered some of the most significant principles of preposition in one spot to assist you in preparing for competitive exams such as Bank, SSC, Railway, and others.
♦Preposition
In prepositions, the words and group of words are positioned before a noun or a pronoun to describe its relation with some other word in the sentence.
सम्बन्ध सूचक अव्यय वे शब्द या शब्दों का समूह है जो आम तौर पर किसी संज्ञा या सर्वनाम के पहले स्थित किया जाता है और वह सम्बन्ध सूचक अव्यय उस संज्ञा या सर्वनाम का सम्बन्ध किसी दूसरे शब्द से प्रदर्शित करता है
Rule 1- Across
a)From one side to another (इस परसे उसपारतक)
Ex: A bridge is laid across the river.
b)On the opposite side of (उसपार)
Ex: My friend lives across the river.
c) Both side (दोनों तरफ)
Ex: He threw the luggage across his shoulders.
Rule 2- Come Across (संयोग/ अचानक से मिल जाना)
a)Never use “With”
b) Never use “Suddenly”
Ex: While/ shopping in/ market, she come across/ with her old fiend/ no error.
Note- With not use.
Rule 3- With
a)To show a sources or tool.
Ex: She was cutting vegetable with a knife.
We are writing with a pen.
b) के साथ
Ex: She is going with her parents.
He is going to Goa with family.
c) To Show a manner (Courage, Bearry, Patience)
Ex: A true soldier always fights with courage.
We should face the difficult with the patience.
d)) In spite of (के बावजूद
Ex: With all his affords, he could not win the race.
e) Parallel of With
Ex: Cured with, Sympathy with, Satisfied with, Contended with, Charge with, Differ with, Deal with, Acquainted with, Disgusted with.
Rule 4- AT
a)To show a position at a place
Ex: Many people are standing at the railway station.
He was waiting at the mall.
b) To show a time
Ex: The class start at 3 Pm.
The train will move at 5 Am.
c) To live at village, town, subpart a city
Ex: She live at south ex.
I live at sector-12.
d) But We use to big city when we stay their for a short period of time.
Ex: During my visit to England, I stay a London for two days.
When I went to Goa, I stay at Mumbai for three days.
e) To show Price/ Rate
Ex: She is saving apple at rupees 150 per kg.
In Delhi petrol is sold at rupees 74 per liters.
f) To show a temporary action
Ex: On the road a few men are at work.
When her mother called, she was at play.
g) Good + at + Subject
Hubby / Skill (Using V+ing)
Ex: She is good at mathematics
I am good at English.
He is good at driving.
My father is very good at swimming.
Rule 5 –
a)Angry at – गुस्सा होना (कार्य /हालत / परिस्थिति)
Ex: The boss is very angry at this wrong report.
b) Angry with- गुस्सा होना (किसी व्यक्ति पर)
Ex: The boss is very angry with clerk.
Rule 6-
a)Smile at (किसी पर हंसना)
Ex: The boys were smiling at the poor beggar.
- b) Smile on (किस्मत का मेहरबान होना)
Ex: At last, his luck, smiled on? He becomes an IAS.
Rule 7-
a)At night (General sense)
Ex: The whole of world sleep at night.
The moon shines at night.
b) In the night (In specific sense)
Ex: She had a nightmare in the night.
He saw a UFO in the night.
Rule 8-
Pharals of “At”
Shout at, Shoot at, Laugh at, Smile at, Aim at, Kick at, Look at, byte at.
At whom, at the top, at the bottom, at this movement, at noon, at night, at bed time, at festival (at holi, at Diwali)
Rule 9- “In”
a)To show a already in side position.
Ex: He is swimming in the pool.
She is taking rest in the room.
b) City, State, Country, Continent, use “In”
Ex: I live in Delhi.
My Uncle live in Europe.
He live in Jaipur.
c) Before Months/Years
Ex: In January, In August, In 2009, In 1947
d) Phrases of “In”
Ex: In the world, In a newspaper
In a cube, In a city, In the sky, In the house, In the letter, In the root, In the bag
Rule 10- “Into”
a)Showing movement to inside.
Ex: She is going into the room.
He is jumping into the pool.
b) Change the from
Ex: Milk changing into curd.
I will translate this book into Hindi.
c) phrases “Into”
Break “Into”
Do “Into”
Eat “Into”
Let “Into”
Look “Into”
See “Into”
Turn “Into”
| English Prepositions | Hindi Prepositions |
| about | ke baare men – के बारे में |
| above | oopar – ऊपर |
| across | ke paar – के पार |
| after | ke baad – के बाद |
| against | ke khilaf – के खिलाफ |
| among | ke bich men – के बीच में |
| around | charon or – चारों ओर |
| as | jaisa – जैसा |
| at | par – पर |
| before | se pahle – से पहले |
| behind | ke peechhe – के पीछे |
| below | neeche – नीचे |
| beneath | neeche – नीचे |
| beside | bagal men – बगल में |
| between | ke bich – के बीच |
| beyond | pare – परे |
| but | lekin – लेकिन |
| by | dvara – द्वारा |
| despite | ke baavajood – के बावजूद |
| down | neeche – नीचे |
| during | dauraan – दौरान |
| except | sivaay – सिवाय |
| for | ke liye – के लिए |
| from | se – से |
| in | men – में |
| inside | andar – अंदर |
| into | men – में |
| near | nikat – निकट |
| next | agla – अगला |
| of | ki or ka – की or का |
| on | par – पर |
| opposite | saamane – सामने |
| out | baahar – बाहर |
| outside | baahar – बाहर |
| over | ke oopar – के ऊपर |
| per | prati – प्रति |
| plus | jod – जोड़ |
| round | daur or gol – दौर or गोल |
| since | ke baad se – के बाद से |
| than | se – से |
| through | ke madhyam se – के माध्यम से |
| till | jab tak – जब तक |
| to | se – से |
| toward | ki or – की ओर |
| under | adheen or neeche – अधीन or नीचे |
| unlike | vipareet – विपरीत |
| until | jab tak – जब तक |
| up | oopar – ऊपर |
| via | ke madhyam se – के माध्यम से |
| with | saath – साथ |
| within | andar – अंदर |
| without | bina – बिना |
| worth | yogya – योग्य |
| two words | do shabdon – दो शब्दों |
| according to | ke anusaar – के अनुसार |
| because of | ki vajah se – की वजह से |
| close to | band karne ke liye – बंद करने के लिए |
| due to | ke kaaran – के कारण |
| except for | ke alava – के अलावा |
| far from | door se – दूर से |
| inside of | ke andar – के अंदर |
| instead of | ke bajaay – के बजाय |
| near to | ke paas – के पास |
| next to | ke paas or ke nikat or ke nazadeek – के पास or के निकट or के नज़दीक |
| outside of | ke baahar – के बाहर |
| prior to | pahle se – पहले से |
| to be | hona – होना |
| three words | teen shabd – तीन शब्द |
| as far as | jahan tak – जहाँ तक |
| as well as | tatha – तथा |
| in addition to | ke atirikt – के अतिरिक्त |
| in front of | ke saamane – के सामने |
| in spite of | ke baavajood – के बावजूद |
| on behalf of | ki or se – की ओर से |
| on top of | ke sheersh par – के शीर्ष पर |
| to drive | sher krna – सेर करना |
| demonstratives | upapaadak sambandhabodhak – उपपादक सम्बन्धबोधक |
| this | yah – यह |
| that | ki or vah – कि or वह |
| these | ye – ये |
| those | un – उन |
♦Some important points about prepositions
- The words “superior”, “inferior”, “senior”, “junior” etc. take the preposition “to” with them.
Incorrect: Ram is senior than Mohan.
Correct: Ram is senior to Mohan.
- The words “prefer”, “preferrable”, “preferred” also take the preposition “to” with them.
Incorrect: I prefer tea than coffee.
Correct: I prefer tea to coffee.
- The words “inspite of” and “despite” share the same meaning. The only difference is that inspite takes the preposition “of” whereas despite does not take any preposition.
Incorrect: Despite of bad weather, he went to school.
Correct: Despite bad weather, he went to school.
In the same way, the word “consist” takes the preposition “of” whereas “comprise” does not take any preposition.
Incorrect: The classroom comprises of twenty students.
Correct: The classroom comprises twenty students.
Quiz based on Preposition
- The invitation card a)/says that Satish b)/ marries with c)/ Sunita next month.d)/ No error e)
- She looked very a)/ different from the b)/ photograph I c)/ had of her. d)/No error e)
- The bride said a)/that she would not b)/ marry the man c)/ over thirty five.d)/ No error e)
- The reason a)/ of his failure b)/ is due to c)/ his negligence.d)/No error e)
- The captain and his a)/wife were invited b)/ for the cultural c)/ function at my home.d)/ No error e)
Answer
- c; Replace “with” with “to”
- e; No error.
- d; Replace “over” with “above”
- b; Replace “of” with “for”
- c; Replace “for” with “at”